Chihuahuas are a tiny yet mighty breed, often recognised for their spirited personality and strong bond with their owners. Despite their small stature, these dogs are known for their big personalities. Originating in Mexico, Chihuahuas are believed to have descended from a breed called the Techichi, and they have a rich history dating back to ancient times. These tiny dogs were thought to have spiritual significance, and it’s believed that they were even used in ancient rituals to guide the spirits of the dead.
Weighing just 1.8 to 2.7 kgs, Chihuahuas are the smallest recognised dog breed. They come in both short and long coat varieties and can be found in almost any colour except merle. Despite their small size, they have a long life expectancy, often living between 12 to 20 years.
Chihuahua Dog Breed Facts & Characteristics
| Dog Breed Facts & Characteristics | Details |
|---|---|
| Origin | Mexico, 9th Century |
| Also known as | Chi, Chihuahueño |
| Bred for | Companionship, warmth |
| Size | Toy; 15 to 25 cm in height, 1.8 to 2.7 kg in weight |
| Weight range | 1.8 to 2.7 kg |
| Colours | All dog colours except for merle |
| Life expectancy | 12 to 20 years |
| Coat | Short or long coat, sheds |
| Temperament | Intelligent, loyal, protective |
| Exercise requirements | Low (due to small size) |
| Best suited for | Childless households, families with older children |
| Apartment friendly | Yes |
Personality
Chihuahuas are known for their fierce loyalty and often form a strong bond with one person in the household. This can sometimes make them overprotective, so early socialisation with people, pets, and other dogs is essential to help them become well-rounded companions. Despite their small size, they are energetic and lively, always ready to play or snuggle with their favourite human. Due to their delicate build, Chihuahuas are better suited to homes without small children, as they can be easily injured by rough play. They are a great choice for apartment living, as they require less space and minimal exercise compared to larger breeds, but they still need regular walks and mental stimulation to stay healthy and happy.
Grooming
Chihuahuas come in both short and long coat varieties, and their grooming needs vary accordingly. Short-coated Chihuahuas tend to shed more than their long-coated counterparts, so regular brushing is recommended to keep shedding under control and maintain a healthy coat. Long-coated Chihuahuas require more frequent brushing to prevent tangles and mats. Nail trimming is also important to keep them comfortable, and routine ear cleaning can help prevent infections. Regular flea and tick control is essential year-round to keep your Chihuahua healthy.
Feeding
Due to their small size, Chihuahuas have specific dietary needs that require careful attention. A high-quality, small-breed dog food is recommended to provide the necessary nutrients and support their overall health. It's important to monitor their weight closely, as Chihuahuas are prone to obesity if overfed or given too many treats. Feeding small meals throughout the day can help maintain their energy levels and prevent digestive issues. Fresh, clean water should always be available to keep them hydrated.
Recommended Diet
Royal Canin offers a breed-specific formula designed to meet the unique nutritional needs of Chihuahuas. Their Chihuahua-specific formula caters to both puppies and adult dogs, providing high-quality protein sources and essential nutrients that support digestive health, maintain a healthy coat, and help keep your Chihuahua’s weight in check.
- High Palatability: Designed to satisfy even the fussiest of Chihuahuas with a special formula and adapted kibble size that encourages them to eat.
- Digestive Health: Helps support a healthy digestive system and promotes optimal stool quality through highly digestible proteins, a blend of dietary fibres, and high-quality carbohydrates.
- Dental Health: Helps reduce tartar formation thanks to calcium chelators, which contribute to good dental health.
- Healthy Skin & Coat: Maintains a healthy coat and supports the skin’s barrier function with omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, including EPA and DHA.
- Weight Management: Formulated to help maintain a healthy weight with a balance of protein and fat suited to the Chihuahua’s small size and metabolism.
Lifestage:
Chihuahua Puppy: 8 weeks – 8 months
Chihuahua Adult: Over 8 months
Common Health Concerns
Chihuahuas, like many small breeds, are prone to certain health issues. One common condition is patella luxation, where the kneecap slips out of place, causing discomfort and potential mobility issues. Dental problems are also frequent in this breed due to their small mouths and crowded teeth, making regular dental care essential. Additionally, Chihuahuas can be prone to heart issues, hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar), and collapsing trachea, which can cause breathing difficulties. Regular veterinary check-ups and a well-balanced diet can help manage these health concerns and keep your Chihuahua healthy.
Did You Know?
Chihuahuas have a surprising influence in the world of entertainment and celebrity culture. Paris Hilton’s Chihuahua, "Tinkerbell," became a star in her own right, often seen at glamorous events and red carpets. Another well-known Chihuahua is "Bruiser Woods" from the movie Legally Blonde, who charmed audiences and became a symbol of loyalty and style. These small dogs have proven that they can leave a big mark on the world, despite their size.
Chihuahua FAQs
How much does a Chihuahua cost in Australia?
In Australia, the cost of a Chihuahua puppy can range from $1,500 to $4,000, depending on the breeder, lineage, and location. Additional expenses such as vaccinations, grooming, and vet visits should also be considered.
Are Chihuahuas good with children?
Chihuahuas can be good with older children who know how to interact gently with small dogs. However, due to their delicate build, they are better suited to households without very young children, who might accidentally hurt them.
Do Chihuahuas get along with other pets?
Chihuahuas can get along with other pets, but it largely depends on their socialisation. Early and consistent socialisation is key to ensuring they coexist peacefully with other animals, especially larger dogs, as Chihuahuas can sometimes exhibit a “big dog” attitude despite their small size. However, their territorial nature might make them less tolerant of new pets introduced into the household later on.
How much exercise does a Chihuahua need?
Chihuahuas have low exercise needs due to their small size, but they still require daily walks and playtime to stay healthy. Mental stimulation is also important to keep them engaged and prevent boredom.
Are Chihuahuas easy to train?
Chihuahuas are intelligent and can be trained, but they can also be stubborn. Early socialisation and positive reinforcement techniques work best with this breed. Patience and consistency are key to successful training.
Do Chihuahuas shed a lot?
Chihuahuas shed moderately, with short-coated varieties shedding more than long-coated ones. Regular brushing helps manage shedding and keeps their coat healthy, especially for long-coated Chihuahuas.
Is a Chihuahua prone to any behavioural issues?
Chihuahuas can be prone to certain behavioural issues, such as being overly protective of their owners or developing separation anxiety. Their small size often leads them to compensate with boldness, which can manifest as excessive barking or stubbornness. Proper training and socialisation from a young age are crucial to managing these behaviours and ensuring a well-rounded companion.
Is a Chihuahua good for first-time dog owners?
Chihuahuas can be a good choice for first-time dog owners who are prepared for their specific needs. While they are small and relatively easy to care for in terms of exercise and grooming, their strong-willed nature requires a firm but gentle approach to training. First-time owners should be ready to commit to early socialisation and consistent training to address potential behavioural issues.
Can Chihuahuas live in an apartment?
Yes, Chihuahuas are well-suited to apartment living due to their small size and low exercise needs. However, they still require daily walks and interaction to prevent boredom and maintain their health.